23743 2403.00100 10.1007/JHEP06(2024)123 123 123 Search for heavy neutral leptons in final states with electrons, muons, and hadronically decaying tau leptons in proton-proton collisions at s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV Regular Article - Experimental Physics 1 61 2024 6 19 2024 2 29 2024 5 27 2024 6 19 The Author(s) 2024 Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( CC-BY 4.0 ), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. 13130 2024 2024 6 6 The CMS collaboration cms-publication-committee-chair@cern.ch A. A. Hayrapetyan A. Tumasyan W. Adam J. W. Andrejkovic T. Bergauer S. Chatterjee K. Damanakis M. Dragicevic P. S. Hussain M. Jeitler N. Krammer A. Li D. Liko I. Mikulec J. Schieck R. Schöfbeck D. Schwarz M. Sonawane S. Templ W. Waltenberger C.-E. Wulz M. R. Darwish T. Janssen P. Van Mechelen E. S. Bols N. Breugelmans J. D’Hondt S. Dansana A. De Moor M. 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Eusebi J. Gilmore T. Huang T. Kamon H. Kim S. Luo R. Mueller D. Overton D. Rathjens A. Safonov N. Akchurin J. Damgov N. Gogate V. Hegde A. Hussain Y. Kazhykarim K. Lamichhane S. W. Lee A. Mankel T. Peltola I. Volobouev E. Appelt Y. Chen S. Greene A. Gurrola W. Johns R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli A. Melo F. Romeo P. Sheldon S. Tuo J. Velkovska J. Viinikainen B. Cardwell B. Cox J. Hakala R. Hirosky A. Ledovskoy C. Neu C. E. Perez Lara S. Bhattacharya P. E. Karchin A. Aravind S. Banerjee K. Black T. Bose S. Dasu I. De Bruyn P. Everaerts C. Galloni H. He M. Herndon A. Herve C. K. Koraka A. Lanaro R. Loveless J. Madhusudanan Sreekala A. Mallampalli A. Mohammadi S. Mondal G. Parida L. Pétré D. Pinna A. Savin V. Shang V. Sharma W. H. Smith D. Teague H. F. Tsoi W. Vetens A. Warden S. Afanasiev V. Andreev Yu. Andreev T. Aushev M. Azarkin I. Azhgirey A. Babaev A. Belyaev V. Blinov E. Boos V. Borshch D. Budkouski V. Bunichev V. Chekhovsky R. Chistov M. Danilov A. Dermenev T. Dimova D. Druzhkin M. Dubinin L. Dudko A. Ershov G. Gavrilov V. Gavrilov S. Gninenko V. Golovtcov N. Golubev I. Golutvin I. Gorbunov Y. Ivanov V. Kachanov V. Karjavine A. Karneyeu V. Kim M. Kirakosyan D. Kirpichnikov M. Kirsanov V. Klyukhin O. Kodolova D. Konstantinov V. Korenkov A. Kozyrev N. Krasnikov A. Lanev P. Levchenko N. Lychkovskaya V. Makarenko A. Malakhov V. Matveev V. Murzin A. Nikitenko S. Obraztsov V. Oreshkin V. Palichik V. Perelygin M. Perfilov S. Polikarpov V. Popov O. Radchenko R. Ryutin M. Savina V. Savrin V. Shalaev S. Shmatov S. Shulha Y. Skovpen S. Slabospitskii V. Smirnov A. Snigirev D. Sosnov V. Sulimov E. Tcherniaev A. Terkulov O. Teryaev I. Tlisova A. Toropin L. Uvarov A. Uzunian A. Vorobyev G. Vorotnikov N. Voytishin B. S. Yuldashev A. Zarubin I. Zhizhin A. Zhokin https://ror.org/00ad27c73 grid.48507.3e 0000 0004 0482 7128 Yerevan Physics Institute Yerevan Armenia https://ror.org/039shy520 grid.450258.e 0000 0004 0625 7405 Institut für Hochenergiephysik Vienna Austria https://ror.org/008x57b05 grid.5284.b 0000 0001 0790 3681 Universiteit Antwerpen Antwerpen Belgium https://ror.org/006e5kg04 grid.8767.e 0000 0001 2290 8069 Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussel Belgium https://ror.org/01r9htc13 grid.4989.c 0000 0001 2348 6355 Université Libre de Bruxelles Bruxelles Belgium https://ror.org/00cv9y106 grid.5342.0 0000 0001 2069 7798 Ghent University Ghent Belgium https://ror.org/02495e989 grid.7942.8 0000 0001 2294 713X Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium https://ror.org/02wnmk332 grid.418228.5 0000 0004 0643 8134 Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas Rio de Janeiro Brazil https://ror.org/0198v2949 grid.412211.5 0000 0004 4687 5267 Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil grid.412368.a 0000 0004 0643 8839 Universidade Estadual Paulista Universidade Federal do ABC São Paulo Brazil grid.410344.6 0000 0001 2097 3094 Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria https://ror.org/02jv3k292 grid.11355.33 0000 0001 2192 3275 University of Sofia Sofia Bulgaria https://ror.org/04xe01d27 grid.412182.c 0000 0001 2179 0636 Instituto De Alta Investigación Universidad de Tarapacá Casilla 7 D Arica Chile https://ror.org/00wk2mp56 grid.64939.31 0000 0000 9999 1211 Beihang University Beijing China https://ror.org/03cve4549 grid.12527.33 0000 0001 0662 3178 Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing China https://ror.org/03v8tnc06 grid.418741.f 0000 0004 0632 3097 Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing China grid.11135.37 0000 0001 2256 9319 State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University Beijing China https://ror.org/0064kty71 grid.12981.33 0000 0001 2360 039X Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China https://ror.org/04c4dkn09 grid.59053.3a 0000 0001 2167 9639 University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China https://ror.org/036trcv74 grid.260474.3 0000 0001 0089 5711 Nanjing Normal University Nanjing China grid.8547.e 0000 0001 0125 2443 Institute of Modern Physics and Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE) — Fudan University Shanghai China https://ror.org/00a2xv884 grid.13402.34 0000 0004 1759 700X Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China https://ror.org/02mhbdp94 grid.7247.6 0000 0004 1937 0714 Universidad de Los Andes Bogota Colombia https://ror.org/03bp5hc83 grid.412881.6 0000 0000 8882 5269 Universidad de Antioquia Medellin Colombia https://ror.org/00m31ft63 grid.38603.3e 0000 0004 0644 1675 University of Split, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture Split Croatia https://ror.org/00m31ft63 grid.38603.3e 0000 0004 0644 1675 University of Split, Faculty of Science Split Croatia https://ror.org/02mw21745 grid.4905.8 0000 0004 0635 7705 Institute Rudjer Boskovic Zagreb Croatia https://ror.org/02qjrjx09 grid.6603.3 0000 0001 2116 7908 University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus https://ror.org/024d6js02 grid.4491.8 0000 0004 1937 116X Charles University Prague Czech Republic https://ror.org/01gb99w41 grid.440857.a 0000 0004 0485 2489 Escuela Politecnica Nacional Quito Ecuador https://ror.org/01r2c3v86 grid.412251.1 0000 0000 9008 4711 Universidad San Francisco de Quito Quito Ecuador grid.423564.2 0000 0001 2165 2866 Academy of Scientific Research and Technology of the Arab Republic of Egypt, Egyptian Network of High Energy Physics Cairo Egypt https://ror.org/023gzwx10 grid.411170.2 0000 0004 0412 4537 Center for High Energy Physics (CHEP-FU) Fayoum University El-Fayoum Egypt https://ror.org/03eqd4a41 grid.177284.f 0000 0004 0410 6208 National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics Tallinn Estonia https://ror.org/040af2s02 grid.7737.4 0000 0004 0410 2071 Department of Physics University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland https://ror.org/01x2x1522 grid.470106.4 0000 0001 1106 2387 Helsinki Institute of Physics Helsinki Finland https://ror.org/0208vgz68 grid.12332.31 0000 0001 0533 3048 Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology Lappeenranta Finland https://ror.org/03xjwb503 grid.460789.4 0000 0004 4910 6535 IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette France grid.463805.c 0000 0000 9156 8355 Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris Palaiseau France https://ror.org/00pg6eq24 grid.11843.3f 0000 0001 2157 9291 Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178 Strasbourg France https://ror.org/02avf8f85 Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I) Villeurbanne France https://ror.org/00aamz256 grid.41405.34 0000 0001 0702 1187 Georgian Technical University Tbilisi Georgia https://ror.org/04xfq0f34 grid.1957.a 0000 0001 0728 696X RWTH Aachen University, I. Physikalisches Institut Aachen Germany https://ror.org/04xfq0f34 grid.1957.a 0000 0001 0728 696X RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A Aachen Germany https://ror.org/04xfq0f34 grid.1957.a 0000 0001 0728 696X RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut B Aachen Germany https://ror.org/01js2sh04 grid.7683.a 0000 0004 0492 0453 Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Hamburg Germany https://ror.org/00g30e956 grid.9026.d 0000 0001 2287 2617 University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany https://ror.org/04t3en479 grid.7892.4 0000 0001 0075 5874 Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie Karlsruhe Germany grid.450262.7 Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics (INPP), NCSR Demokritos Aghia Paraskevi Greece https://ror.org/04gnjpq42 grid.5216.0 0000 0001 2155 0800 National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece grid.4241.3 0000 0001 2185 9808 National Technical University of Athens Athens Greece https://ror.org/01qg3j183 grid.9594.1 0000 0001 2108 7481 University of Ioánnina Ioánnina Greece grid.419766.b 0000 0004 1759 8344 HUN-REN Wigner Research Centre for Physics Budapest Hungary https://ror.org/01jsq2704 grid.5591.8 0000 0001 2294 6276 MTA-ELTE Lendület CMS Particle and Nuclear Physics Group Eötvös Loránd University Budapest Hungary https://ror.org/02xf66n48 grid.7122.6 0000 0001 1088 8582 Faculty of Informatics University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary grid.418861.2 0000 0001 0674 7808 Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI Debrecen Hungary Karoly Robert Campus, MATE Institute of Technology Gyongyos Hungary https://ror.org/04p2sbk06 grid.261674.0 0000 0001 2174 5640 Panjab University Chandigarh India https://ror.org/04gzb2213 grid.8195.5 0000 0001 2109 4999 University of Delhi Delhi India https://ror.org/0491yz035 grid.473481.d 0000 0001 0661 8707 Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI Kolkata India https://ror.org/03v0r5n49 grid.417969.4 0000 0001 2315 1926 Indian Institute of Technology Madras Madras India https://ror.org/03ht1xw27 grid.22401.35 0000 0004 0502 9283 Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-A Mumbai India https://ror.org/03ht1xw27 grid.22401.35 0000 0004 0502 9283 Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-B Mumbai India https://ror.org/02r2k1c68 grid.419643.d 0000 0004 1764 227X National Institute of Science Education and Research, An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute Bhubaneswar Odisha India https://ror.org/028qa3n13 grid.417959.7 0000 0004 1764 2413 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune India grid.411751.7 0000 0000 9908 3264 Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran https://ror.org/04xreqs31 grid.418744.a 0000 0000 8841 7951 Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM) Tehran Iran https://ror.org/05m7pjf47 grid.7886.1 0000 0001 0768 2743 University College Dublin Dublin Ireland https://ror.org/022hq6c49 grid.470190.b INFN Sezione di Bari Bari Italy grid.7644.1 0000 0001 0120 3326 Università di Bari Bari Italy https://ror.org/03c44v465 grid.4466.0 0000 0001 0578 5482 Politecnico di Bari Bari Italy https://ror.org/04j0x0h93 grid.470193.8 0000 0004 8343 7610 INFN Sezione di Bologna Bologna Italy https://ror.org/01111rn36 grid.6292.f 0000 0004 1757 1758 Università di Bologna Bologna Italy https://ror.org/02pq29p90 grid.470198.3 0000 0004 1755 400X INFN Sezione di Catania Catania Italy https://ror.org/03a64bh57 grid.8158.4 0000 0004 1757 1969 Università di Catania Catania Italy https://ror.org/02vv5y108 grid.470204.5 0000 0001 2231 4148 INFN Sezione di Firenze Firenze Italy grid.8404.8 0000 0004 1757 2304 Università di Firenze Firenze Italy https://ror.org/049jf1a25 grid.463190.9 0000 0004 0648 0236 INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati Frascati Italy https://ror.org/02v89pq06 grid.470205.4 INFN Sezione di Genova Genova Italy https://ror.org/0107c5v14 grid.5606.5 0000 0001 2151 3065 Università di Genova Genova Italy https://ror.org/03xejxm22 grid.470207.6 0000 0004 8390 4143 INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca Milano Italy grid.7563.7 0000 0001 2174 1754 Università di Milano-Bicocca Milano Italy https://ror.org/015kcdd40 grid.470211.1 0000 0004 8343 7696 INFN Sezione di Napoli Napoli Italy grid.4691.a 0000 0001 0790 385X Università di Napoli ‘Federico II’ Napoli Italy grid.7367.5 0000000119391302 Università della Basilicata Potenza Italy https://ror.org/04swxte59 grid.508348.2 Scuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM) Napoli Italy https://ror.org/00z34yn88 grid.470212.2 INFN Sezione di Padova Padova Italy https://ror.org/00240q980 grid.5608.b 0000 0004 1757 3470 Università di Padova Padova Italy grid.11696.39 0000 0004 1937 0351 Università di Trento Trento Italy https://ror.org/01st30669 grid.470213.3 INFN Sezione di Pavia Pavia Italy https://ror.org/00s6t1f81 grid.8982.b 0000 0004 1762 5736 Università di Pavia Pavia Italy https://ror.org/05478fx36 grid.470215.5 INFN Sezione di Perugia Perugia Italy https://ror.org/00x27da85 grid.9027.c 0000 0004 1757 3630 Università di Perugia Perugia Italy https://ror.org/05symbg58 grid.470216.6 INFN Sezione di Pisa Pisa Italy https://ror.org/03ad39j10 grid.5395.a 0000 0004 1757 3729 Università di Pisa Pisa Italy https://ror.org/03aydme10 grid.6093.c Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa Pisa Italy grid.9024.f 0000 0004 1757 4641 Università di Siena Siena Italy https://ror.org/05eva6s33 grid.470218.8 INFN Sezione di Roma Roma Italy https://ror.org/02be6w209 grid.7841.a Sapienza Università di Roma Roma Italy https://ror.org/01vj6ck58 grid.470222.1 0000 0004 7471 9712 INFN Sezione di Torino Torino Italy grid.7605.4 0000 0001 2336 6580 Università di Torino Torino Italy grid.16563.37 0000000121663741 Università del Piemonte Orientale Novara Italy https://ror.org/05j3snm48 grid.470223.0 0000 0004 1760 7175 INFN Sezione di Trieste Trieste Italy https://ror.org/02n742c10 grid.5133.4 0000 0001 1941 4308 Università di Trieste Trieste Italy https://ror.org/040c17130 grid.258803.4 0000 0001 0661 1556 Kyungpook National University Daegu Korea grid.411733.3 0000 0004 0532 811X Department of Mathematics and Physics — GWNU Gangneung Korea https://ror.org/05kzjxq56 grid.14005.30 0000 0001 0356 9399 Chonnam National University, Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles Kwangju Korea https://ror.org/046865y68 grid.49606.3d 0000 0001 1364 9317 Hanyang University Seoul Korea https://ror.org/047dqcg40 grid.222754.4 0000 0001 0840 2678 Korea University Seoul Korea https://ror.org/01zqcg218 grid.289247.2 0000 0001 2171 7818 Kyung Hee University, Department of Physics Seoul Korea https://ror.org/00aft1q37 grid.263333.4 0000 0001 0727 6358 Sejong University Seoul Korea https://ror.org/04h9pn542 grid.31501.36 0000 0004 0470 5905 Seoul National University Seoul Korea https://ror.org/05en5nh73 grid.267134.5 0000 0000 8597 6969 University of Seoul Seoul Korea https://ror.org/01wjejq96 grid.15444.30 0000 0004 0470 5454 Yonsei University, Department of Physics Seoul Korea https://ror.org/04q78tk20 grid.264381.a 0000 0001 2181 989X Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Korea https://ror.org/02gqgne03 grid.472279.d 0000 0004 0418 1945 College of Engineering and Technology American University of the Middle East (AUM) Dasman Kuwait https://ror.org/00twb6c09 grid.6973.b 0000 0004 0567 9729 Riga Technical University Riga Latvia https://ror.org/05g3mes96 grid.9845.0 0000 0001 0775 3222 University of Latvia (LU) Riga Latvia https://ror.org/03nadee84 grid.6441.7 0000 0001 2243 2806 Vilnius University Vilnius Lithuania https://ror.org/00rzspn62 grid.10347.31 0000 0001 2308 5949 National Centre for Particle Physics Universiti Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia grid.11893.32 0000 0001 2193 1646 Universidad de Sonora (UNISON) Hermosillo Mexico grid.512574.0 Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN Mexico City Mexico https://ror.org/05vss7635 grid.441047.2 0000 0001 2156 4794 Universidad Iberoamericana Mexico City Mexico https://ror.org/03p2z7827 grid.411659.e 0000 0001 2112 2750 Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla Puebla Mexico https://ror.org/02drrjp49 grid.12316.37 0000 0001 2182 0188 University of Montenegro Podgorica Montenegro https://ror.org/03y7q9t39 grid.21006.35 0000 0001 2179 4063 University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand grid.412621.2 0000 0001 2215 1297 National Centre for Physics Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan grid.9922.0 0000 0000 9174 1488 AGH University of Krakow, Faculty of Computer Science, Electronics and Telecommunications Krakow Poland https://ror.org/00nzsxq20 grid.450295.f 0000 0001 0941 0848 National Centre for Nuclear Research Swierk Poland https://ror.org/039bjqg32 grid.12847.38 0000 0004 1937 1290 Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics University of Warsaw Warsaw Poland grid.1035.7 0000000099214842 Warsaw University of Technology Warsaw Poland https://ror.org/01hys1667 grid.420929.4 Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas Lisboa Portugal https://ror.org/02qsmb048 grid.7149.b 0000 0001 2166 9385 Faculty of Physics University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia grid.7149.b 0000 0001 2166 9385 VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia https://ror.org/05xx77y52 grid.420019.e 0000 0001 1959 5823 Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) Madrid Spain https://ror.org/01cby8j38 grid.5515.4 0000 0001 1957 8126 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Spain https://ror.org/006gksa02 grid.10863.3c 0000 0001 2164 6351 Universidad de Oviedo, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias y Tecnologías Espaciales de Asturias (ICTEA) Oviedo Spain grid.469953.4 0000 0004 1757 2371 Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria Santander Spain https://ror.org/02phn5242 grid.8065.b 0000 0001 2182 8067 University of Colombo Colombo Sri Lanka https://ror.org/033jvzr14 grid.412759.c 0000 0001 0103 6011 University of Ruhuna, Department of Physics Matara Sri Lanka https://ror.org/01ggx4157 grid.9132.9 0000 0001 2156 142X CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research Geneva Switzerland https://ror.org/03eh3y714 grid.5991.4 0000 0001 1090 7501 Paul Scherrer Institut Villigen Switzerland https://ror.org/05a28rw58 grid.5801.c 0000 0001 2156 2780 ETH Zurich — Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics (IPA) Zurich Switzerland https://ror.org/02crff812 grid.7400.3 0000 0004 1937 0650 Universität Zürich Zurich Switzerland https://ror.org/00944ve71 grid.37589.30 0000 0004 0532 3167 National Central University Chung-Li Taiwan https://ror.org/05bqach95 grid.19188.39 0000 0004 0546 0241 National Taiwan University (NTU) Taipei Taiwan https://ror.org/028wp3y58 grid.7922.e 0000 0001 0244 7875 High Energy Physics Research Unit, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand https://ror.org/05wxkj555 grid.98622.37 0000 0001 2271 3229 Çukurova University, Physics Department, Science and Art Faculty Adana Turkey https://ror.org/014weej12 grid.6935.9 0000 0001 1881 7391 Middle East Technical University, Physics Department Ankara Turkey https://ror.org/03z9tma90 grid.11220.30 0000 0001 2253 9056 Bogazici University Istanbul Turkey https://ror.org/059636586 grid.10516.33 0000 0001 2174 543X Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey https://ror.org/03a5qrr21 grid.9601.e 0000 0001 2166 6619 Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey https://ror.org/0547yzj13 grid.38575.3c 0000 0001 2337 3561 Yildiz Technical University Istanbul Turkey grid.466758.e Institute for Scintillation Materials of National Academy of Science of Ukraine Kharkiv Ukraine https://ror.org/00183pc12 grid.425540.2 0000 0000 9526 3153 National Science Centre, Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology Kharkiv Ukraine https://ror.org/0524sp257 grid.5337.2 0000 0004 1936 7603 University of Bristol Bristol United Kingdom https://ror.org/03gq8fr08 grid.76978.37 0000 0001 2296 6998 Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot United Kingdom grid.7445.2 0000 0001 2113 8111 Imperial College London United Kingdom grid.7728.a 0000 0001 0724 6933 Brunel University Uxbridge United Kingdom https://ror.org/005781934 grid.252890.4 0000 0001 2111 2894 Baylor University Waco Texas U.S.A. https://ror.org/047yk3s18 grid.39936.36 0000 0001 2174 6686 Catholic University of America Washington DC U.S.A. https://ror.org/03xrrjk67 grid.411015.0 0000 0001 0727 7545 The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa Alabama U.S.A. https://ror.org/05qwgg493 grid.189504.1 0000 0004 1936 7558 Boston University Boston Massachusetts U.S.A. https://ror.org/05gq02987 grid.40263.33 0000 0004 1936 9094 Brown University Providence Rhode Island U.S.A. https://ror.org/05t99sp05 grid.468726.9 0000 0004 0486 2046 University of California, Davis Davis California U.S.A. https://ror.org/05t99sp05 grid.468726.9 0000 0004 0486 2046 University of California Los Angeles California U.S.A. https://ror.org/05t99sp05 grid.468726.9 0000 0004 0486 2046 University of California, Riverside Riverside California U.S.A. https://ror.org/05t99sp05 grid.468726.9 0000 0004 0486 2046 University of California, San Diego La Jolla California U.S.A. grid.133342.4 0000 0004 1936 9676 University of California, Santa Barbara — Department of Physics Santa Barbara California U.S.A. https://ror.org/05dxps055 grid.20861.3d 0000 0001 0706 8890 California Institute of Technology Pasadena California U.S.A. https://ror.org/05x2bcf33 grid.147455.6 0000 0001 2097 0344 Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania U.S.A. https://ror.org/02ttsq026 grid.266190.a 0000 0000 9621 4564 University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado U.S.A. https://ror.org/05bnh6r87 grid.5386.8 0000 0004 1936 877X Cornell University Ithaca New York U.S.A. https://ror.org/020hgte69 grid.417851.e 0000 0001 0675 0679 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Batavia Illinois U.S.A. https://ror.org/02y3ad647 grid.15276.37 0000 0004 1936 8091 University of Florida Gainesville Florida U.S.A. https://ror.org/05g3dte14 grid.255986.5 0000 0004 0472 0419 Florida State University Tallahassee Florida U.S.A. https://ror.org/04atsbb87 grid.255966.b 0000 0001 2229 7296 Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne Florida U.S.A. https://ror.org/02mpq6x41 grid.185648.6 0000 0001 2175 0319 University of Illinois Chicago Chicago U.S.A. https://ror.org/036jqmy94 grid.214572.7 0000 0004 1936 8294 The University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa U.S.A. https://ror.org/00za53h95 grid.21107.35 0000 0001 2171 9311 Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland U.S.A. https://ror.org/001tmjg57 grid.266515.3 0000 0001 2106 0692 The University of Kansas Lawrence Kansas U.S.A. https://ror.org/05p1j8758 grid.36567.31 0000 0001 0737 1259 Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas U.S.A. https://ror.org/041nk4h53 grid.250008.f 0000 0001 2160 9702 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore California U.S.A. https://ror.org/047s2c258 grid.164295.d 0000 0001 0941 7177 University of Maryland College Park Maryland U.S.A. https://ror.org/042nb2s44 grid.116068.8 0000 0001 2341 2786 Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts U.S.A. https://ror.org/017zqws13 grid.17635.36 0000 0004 1936 8657 University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota U.S.A. https://ror.org/02teq1165 grid.251313.7 0000 0001 2169 2489 University of Mississippi Oxford Mississippi U.S.A. https://ror.org/043mer456 grid.24434.35 0000 0004 1937 0060 University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska U.S.A. grid.273335.3 0000 0004 1936 9887 State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo New York U.S.A. https://ror.org/04t5xt781 grid.261112.7 0000 0001 2173 3359 Northeastern University Boston Massachusetts U.S.A. https://ror.org/000e0be47 grid.16753.36 0000 0001 2299 3507 Northwestern University Evanston Illinois U.S.A. https://ror.org/00mkhxb43 grid.131063.6 0000 0001 2168 0066 University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana U.S.A. https://ror.org/00rs6vg23 grid.261331.4 0000 0001 2285 7943 The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio U.S.A. https://ror.org/00hx57361 grid.16750.35 0000 0001 2097 5006 Princeton University Princeton New Jersey U.S.A. grid.267044.3 0000 0004 0398 9176 University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez Puerto Rico U.S.A. grid.169077.e 0000 0004 1937 2197 Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana U.S.A. https://ror.org/04keq6987 grid.504659.b 0000 0000 8864 7239 Purdue University Northwest Hammond Indiana U.S.A. https://ror.org/008zs3103 grid.21940.3e 0000 0004 1936 8278 Rice University Houston Texas U.S.A. https://ror.org/022kthw22 grid.16416.34 0000 0004 1936 9174 University of Rochester Rochester New York U.S.A. https://ror.org/0420db125 grid.134907.8 0000 0001 2166 1519 The Rockefeller University New York New York U.S.A. https://ror.org/05vt9qd57 grid.430387.b 0000 0004 1936 8796 Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey Piscataway New Jersey U.S.A. https://ror.org/020f3ap87 grid.411461.7 0000 0001 2315 1184 University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee U.S.A. https://ror.org/01f5ytq51 grid.264756.4 0000 0004 4687 2082 Texas A&M University College Station Texas U.S.A. grid.264784.b 0000 0001 2186 7496 Texas Tech University Lubbock Texas U.S.A. https://ror.org/02vm5rt34 grid.152326.1 0000 0001 2264 7217 Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee U.S.A. https://ror.org/0153tk833 grid.27755.32 0000 0000 9136 933X University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia U.S.A. https://ror.org/01070mq45 grid.254444.7 0000 0001 1456 7807 Wayne State University Detroit Michigan U.S.A. grid.14003.36 0000 0001 2167 3675 University of Wisconsin — Madison Madison Wisconsin U.S.A. https://ror.org/00s8vne50 grid.21072.36 0000 0004 0640 687X Yerevan State University Yerevan Armenia https://ror.org/04d836q62 grid.5329.d 0000 0004 1937 0669 TU Wien Vienna Austria grid.442567.6 0000 0000 9015 5153 Institute of Basic and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Engineering Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport Alexandria Egypt https://ror.org/04wffgt70 grid.411087.b 0000 0001 0723 2494 Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas Brazil https://ror.org/041yk2d64 grid.8532.c 0000 0001 2200 7498 Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil grid.412352.3 0000 0001 2163 5978 UFMS Nova Andradina Brazil https://ror.org/05qbk4x57 grid.410726.6 0000 0004 1797 8419 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China https://ror.org/02egfyg20 grid.464262.0 0000 0001 0318 1175 China Center of Advanced Science and Technology Beijing China https://ror.org/01g140v14 grid.495581.4 China Spallation Neutron Source Guangdong China https://ror.org/00s13br28 grid.462338.8 0000 0004 0605 6769 Henan Normal University Xinxiang China https://ror.org/00ndhrx30 grid.430657.3 0000 0004 4699 3087 Suez University Suez Egypt https://ror.org/0066fxv63 grid.440862.c 0000 0004 0377 5514 British University in Egypt Cairo Egypt https://ror.org/04k8k6n84 grid.9156.b 0000 0004 0473 5039 Université de Haute Alsace Mulhouse France https://ror.org/04j5z3x06 grid.412290.c 0000 0000 8024 0602 The University of the State of Amazonas Manaus Brazil grid.412176.7 0000 0001 1498 7262 Erzincan Binali Yildirim University Erzincan Turkey grid.7787.f 0000 0001 2364 5811 Bergische University Wuppertal (BUW) Wuppertal Germany https://ror.org/02wxx3e24 grid.8842.6 0000 0001 2188 0404 Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus Germany https://ror.org/02nv7yv05 grid.8385.6 0000 0001 2297 375X Forschungszentrum Jülich Juelich Germany https://ror.org/02xf66n48 grid.7122.6 0000 0001 1088 8582 Institute of Physics University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary https://ror.org/02rmd1t30 grid.7399.4 0000 0004 1937 1397 Universitatea Babes-Bolyai — Facultatea de Fizica Cluj-Napoca Romania https://ror.org/01jaj8n65 grid.252487.e 0000 0000 8632 679X Physics Department, Faculty of Science Assiut University Assiut Egypt https://ror.org/02qbzdk74 grid.412577.2 0000 0001 2176 2352 Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana India https://ror.org/02y28sc20 grid.440987.6 0000 0001 2259 7889 University of Visva-Bharati Santiniketan India grid.34980.36 0000 0001 0482 5067 Indian Institute of Science (IISc) Bangalore India https://ror.org/028vtqb15 grid.462084.c 0000 0001 2216 7125 Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra Mesra India https://ror.org/04gx72j20 grid.459611.e 0000 0004 1774 3038 IIT Bhubaneswar Bhubaneswar India https://ror.org/01741jv66 grid.418915.0 0000 0004 0504 1311 Institute of Physics Bhubaneswar India https://ror.org/04a7rxb17 grid.18048.35 0000 0000 9951 5557 University of Hyderabad Hyderabad India https://ror.org/024c2fq17 grid.412553.4 0000 0001 0740 9747 Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iran https://ror.org/04jf6jw55 grid.510412.3 Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of Mazandaran Behshahr Iran https://ror.org/00af3sa43 grid.411751.7 0000 0000 9908 3264 Department of Physics Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran https://ror.org/00h55v928 grid.412093.d 0000 0000 9853 2750 Helwan University Cairo Egypt https://ror.org/02an8es95 grid.5196.b 0000 0000 9864 2490 Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development Bologna Italy https://ror.org/02wdzfm91 grid.510931.f Centro Siciliano di Fisica Nucleare e di Struttura Della Materia Catania Italy https://ror.org/00j0rk173 grid.440899.8 0000 0004 1780 761X Università degli Studi Guglielmo Marconi Roma Italy https://ror.org/04swxte59 grid.508348.2 Scuola Superiore Meridionale Università di Napoli ‘Federico II’ Napoli Italy grid.466875.e 0000 0004 1757 5572 Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro dell’INFN Legnaro Italy https://ror.org/00cb9w016 grid.7269.a 0000 0004 0621 1570 Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt https://ror.org/00yfw2296 grid.472635.1 Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche — Istituto Officina dei Materiali Perugia Italy https://ror.org/00bw8d226 grid.412113.4 0000 0004 1937 1557 Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Malaysia https://ror.org/059ex5q34 grid.418270.8 0000 0004 0428 7635 Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología Mexico City Mexico grid.443373.4 0000 0001 0438 3334 Trincomalee Campus, Eastern University, Sri Lanka Nilaveli Sri Lanka Saegis Campus Nugegoda Sri Lanka https://ror.org/02s376052 grid.5333.6 0000 0001 2183 9049 Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland https://ror.org/05kdjqf72 grid.475784.d 0000 0000 9532 5705 Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics Vienna Austria https://ror.org/049nhh297 grid.450330.1 0000 0001 2276 7382 Laboratoire d’Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, IN2P3-CNRS Annecy-le-Vieux France Near East University, Research Center of Experimental Health Science Mersin Turkey https://ror.org/02s82rs08 grid.505922.9 Konya Technical University Konya Turkey https://ror.org/017v96566 0000 0004 6412 5697 Izmir Bakircay University Izmir Turkey https://ror.org/02s4gkg68 grid.411126.1 0000 0004 0369 5557 Adiyaman University Adiyaman Turkey grid.411743.4 0000 0004 0369 8360 Bozok Universitetesi Rektörlügü Yozgat Turkey https://ror.org/02kswqa67 grid.16477.33 0000 0001 0668 8422 Marmara University Istanbul Turkey https://ror.org/010t24d82 grid.510982.7 Milli Savunma University Istanbul Turkey https://ror.org/04v302n28 grid.16487.3c 0000 0000 9216 0511 Kafkas University Kars Turkey grid.444283.d 0000 0004 0371 5255 Istanbul Okan University Istanbul Turkey https://ror.org/04kwvgz42 grid.14442.37 0000 0001 2342 7339 Hacettepe University Ankara Turkey grid.506076.2 0000 0004 1797 5496 Istanbul University — Cerrahpasa, Faculty of Engineering Istanbul Turkey https://ror.org/01ryk1543 grid.5491.9 0000 0004 1936 9297 School of Physics and Astronomy University of Southampton Southampton United Kingdom https://ror.org/01v29qb04 grid.8250.f 0000 0000 8700 0572 IPPP Durham University Durham United Kingdom https://ror.org/02bfwt286 grid.1002.3 0000 0004 1936 7857 Monash University, Faculty of Science Clayton Australia https://ror.org/05wnc7373 grid.446604.4 0000 0004 0583 4952 Bethel University St. Paul Minnesota U.S.A. https://ror.org/037vvf096 grid.440455.4 0000 0004 1755 486X Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Karaman Turkey https://ror.org/00znex860 grid.265465.6 0000 0001 2296 3025 United States Naval Academy Annapolis Maryland U.S.A. https://ror.org/03hx84x94 grid.448543.a 0000 0004 0369 6517 Bingol University Bingol Turkey https://ror.org/004ah3r71 grid.449244.b 0000 0004 0408 6032 Sinop University Sinop Turkey https://ror.org/047g8vk19 grid.411739.9 0000 0001 2331 2603 Erciyes University Kayseri Turkey https://ror.org/00d3pnh21 grid.443874.8 0000 0000 9463 5349 Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH) Bucharest Romania https://ror.org/03vb4dm14 grid.412392.f 0000 0004 0413 3978 Texas A&M University at Qatar Doha Qatar grid.443859.7 0000 0004 0477 2171 Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences Tashkent Uzbekistan grid.9132.9 0000 0001 2156 142X CERN CH-1211 Geneva 23 Switzerland Abstract A search for heavy neutral leptons (HNLs) of Majorana or Dirac type using proton-proton collision data at s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV is presented. The data were collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb −1. Events with three charged leptons (electrons, muons, and hadronically decaying tau leptons) are selected, corresponding to HNL production in association with a charged lepton and decay of the HNL to two charged leptons and a standard model (SM) neutrino. The search is performed for HNL masses between 10 GeV and 1.5 TeV. No evidence for an HNL signal is observed in data. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are found for the squared coupling strength of the HNL to SM neutrinos, considering exclusive coupling of the HNL to a single SM neutrino generation, for both Majorana and Dirac HNLs. The limits exceed previously achieved experimental constraints for a wide range of HNL masses, and the limits on tau neutrino coupling scenarios with HNL masses above the W boson mass are presented for the first time.

Keywords Beyond Standard Model Hadron-Hadron Scattering ArXiv ePrint: 2403.00100 S. Afanasiev, V. Andreev, Yu. Andreev, T. Aushev, M. Azarkin, I. Azhgirey, A. Babaev, A. Belyaev, V. Blinov, E. Boos, V. Borshch, D. Budkouski, V. Bunichev, V. Chekhovsky, R. Chistov, M. Danilov, A. Dermenev, T. Dimova, D. Druzhkin, M. Dubinin, L. Dudko, A. Ershov, G. Gavrilov, V. Gavrilov, S. Gninenko, V. Golovtcov, N. Golubev, I. Golutvin, I. Gorbunov, Y. Ivanov, V. Kachanov, V. Karjavine, A. Karneyeu, V. Kim, M. Kirakosyan, D. Kirpichnikov, M. Kirsanov, V. Klyukhin, O. Kodolova, D. Konstantinov, V. Korenkov, A. Kozyrev, N. Krasnikov, A. Lanev, P. Levchenko, N. Lychkovskaya, V. Makarenko, A. Malakhov, V. Matveev, V. Murzin, A. Nikitenko , , S. Obraztsov, V. Oreshkin, V. Palichik, V. Perelygin, M. Perfilov, S. Polikarpov, V. Popov, O. Radchenko, R. Ryutin, M. Savina, V. Savrin, V. Shalaev, S. Shmatov, S. Shulha, Y. Skovpen, S. Slabospitskii, V. Smirnov, A. Snigirev, D. Sosnov, V. Sulimov, E. Tcherniaev, A. Terkulov, O. Teryaev, I. Tlisova, A. Toropin, L. Uvarov, A. Uzunian, A. Vorobyev, G. Vorotnikov, N. Voytishin, B. S. Yuldashev, A. Zarubin, I. Zhizhin and A. Zhokin are affiliated with an institute or an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN A. Starodumov, A. Khvedelidze, Z. Tsamalaidze and Y. Musienko are also at an institute or an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN P. Parygin and E. Popova are now at an institute or an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN V. Blinov, R. Chistov, M. Danilov, T. Dimova, V. Kim, A. Kozyrev, V. Matveev, S. Polikarpov, O. Radchenko and Y. Skovpen are also at another institute or international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN Deceased (M. Narain, S. Wimpenny and A. Vorobyev)